10/12/2023 0 Comments Thermosphere meteorological phenomenaSaid light effects are produced by solar storms of the type called coronal mass ejection. These light shows are seen in the polar regions, being the northern lights if they happen in the north pole and the southern aurora in the south. Northern lights or polar lightsĪuroras are light effects that occur in the upper atmosphere, both in the thermosphere and the exosphere. Therefore, they artificially create them by sending a laser beam that, when hitting the sodium layer in the thermosphere, produces a flash (guide star). For this, when there are very bright stars they use them as a reference, but these types of stars are not very abundant. Guiding starsĪstronomers need to have reference points to correct their telescopic observations due to the distortion that the atmosphere causes in the light. ![]() Here, among other things, there is no friction due to the low density of the air and radio waves reach this atmospheric layer. The thermosphere is where the space station and many low-orbiting satellites are located, due to the relative stability of this layer. Because of this, radio waves can travel anywhere on the planet. The presence of an electrically charged layer (ionosphere) allows radio waves (short wave) to refract, that is, to bounce off the thermosphere. For this reason, high temperatures originate in the thermosphere, which reduces the heating of the earth's surface, in addition to capturing X-rays and extreme ultraviolet radiation. Solar radiation filterĭespite the low density of gases in this layer, they capture a large part of the energy received from the Sun. On the other hand, the thermosphere condenses much of the solar energy that reaches the planet. Ions are atoms with an electrical charge, either positive or negative, and they assign special properties to the thermosphere. ![]() This occurs by photoionization or photodissociation of oxygen and nitrogen molecules, forming ions. The thermosphere is the layer of the atmosphere in which the magnetosphere and ionosphere interact, charging molecules electrically. The ionosphere is formed when the gases of the three layers mentioned are ionized or charged with energy, due to the effect of solar radiation.īecause of this, the ionosphere is sometimes more or less extensive, but for the most part it extends across the thermosphere. It is a very active layer that overlaps the mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere, the extent of which varies depending on solar energy. This happens because sound is transmitted when molecules in the air vibrate and collide with each other.Īs the molecules are far apart in the thermosphere, they do not collide when they vibrate and sound cannot move. Sound is transmitted in the atmosphere in its lower layers, but not in the thermosphere, again due to the low density of matter. Meteorites burn as they enter the mesosphere where there is greater air density and friction. In fact, in the thermosphere the density of gases is so low that meteorites pass through this layer without burning despite its high temperature. This is because heat is an energy that is transmitted by the contact of one molecule with another and as they are in low density, its transmission is difficult. Hence its name, formed by the prefix thermos = heat, but due to the low density of matter present in the thermosphere, heat cannot diffuse. Thus, temperatures of up to 4,500 degrees Fahrenheit (about 2,482 ° C) are reached. Temperatureĭue to its exposure to direct solar radiation, the temperature in the thermosphere increases with altitude. In addition, the thermosphere presents between 80 and 100 km a layer of sodium about 10 km thick that is shared with the upper part of the mesosphere. Among these, extreme X-rays and ultraviolet rays, it functions as a filter, preventing this radiation from excessively heating the sun. The main characteristic of the thermosphere is its condition as a receiver of solar energy, because it captures most of the high-energy radiation from the Sun. Due to this low density of gases, the molecules are so far apart that they cannot transmit heat or sound. In addition, these gases are not mixed but form layers according to their molecular mass, with the lighter oxygen above and nitrogen below. Although it has a gas composition similar to the lower atmosphere, the gases present are in very low concentration. ![]() It is located between the mesosphere and the exosphere, between 80 and 700 km of altitude, covering around 620 km. ![]() In fact, in the thermosphere the temperature reaches extreme values reaching up to 2,482 ° C. The thermosphere It is the fourth of the 5 layers into which the Earth's atmosphere is divided, being named this way due to its high temperature. Video: THERMOSPHERE / fourth layer of the atmosphere / chapter :14 Content
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